Energy audit

An energy audit is a process of assessing and analyzing energy consumption in a building, business, industrial facility, or other property to identify ways to improve energy efficiency. This audit helps pinpoint areas where energy losses occur and suggests actions to reduce energy usage, lower costs, and minimize environmental impact. An energy audit is also often necessary when applying for funding for energy modernization projects (e.g., under programs like "Clean Air"). It is a vital tool for improving energy efficiency and reducing CO₂ emissions.

Key elements of an energy audit:

Inventory of the facility:

• Technical analysis of the building, equipment, and energy systems.
• Collection of energy consumption data (e.g., electricity, heating, fuels).

Energy analysis:

• Assessment of current energy usage.
• Identification of energy loss areas.

Recommendations:

• Proposals for actions to enhance energy efficiency, such as:
• Building thermal modernization.
• Upgrading heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.
• Replacing lighting with energy-efficient options (e.g., LED).
• Implementing renewable energy sources (e.g., photovoltaic panels).

Economic evaluation:

• Investment costs and energy savings.
• Determining the return on investment (ROI).

Types of energy audits:

Simplified audit – A quick evaluation of energy efficiency, suitable for small buildings.

Detailed audit – A comprehensive analysis, often required before major investments or for applying for funding.

Legally required audit – In Poland, for instance, mandatory for large enterprises under the Energy Efficiency Act.